Ciguatera is one of the most widespread food poisonings caused by the ingestion of fish contaminated by ciguatoxins (CTXs). Snapper and grouper with high palatable and economic value are the primary food source and fish species for exportation in the Republic of Kiribati. but they are highly suspected CTX-contaminated species due to their top predatory characteristics. In this study. https://homehardware4ues.shop/product-category/sharp-tools-blades/